油藏模拟

为页岩水力压裂开发的 3D 集成模型驱动工作流程

本文的作者描述了为水力压裂设计和执行而开发的模型驱动工作流程,该流程可以为全球面临类似挑战的其他页岩油区提供资源。

Pad X 的井深、间距和布局。TVD = 真实垂直深度。
图 1——焊盘 X 的孔深度、间距和布局。TVD = 真实垂直深度。

中国龙马溪组页岩气区因其地质历史上多次构造变形而具有独特性。虽然其水力压裂设计经过十年的发展已经成熟,但如果不考虑非均质性,就无法确保每口井的成功。为了应对这些挑战,成立了一个多学科团队来开展工作;经过团队的努力,设计的支撑剂体积实现了套管零变形、更少的漏砂和更弱的裂缝冲击。有效缓解的关键是通过现场数据的持续迭代进行连续的 3D 地质和地质力学 (G&G) 建模。

背景

四川盆地龙马溪组页岩储层面积约2万平方公里,埋藏深度在2000~4500m之间。

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Reservoir simulation

3D Integrated Model-Driven Work Flow Developed for Shale Hydraulic Fracturing

The authors of this paper describe a model-driven work flow developed for hydraulic fracturing design and execution that could be a resource for other shale plays with similar challenges worldwide.

Well depths, spacing, and layout of Pad X. TVD = true vertical depth.
Fig. 1—Well depths, spacing, and layout of Pad X. TVD = true vertical depth.

The Longmaxi shale gas play in China is unique because of multiple tectonic deformations in its geological history. While its hydraulic fracturing design has matured after a decade-long evolution, the success of every well cannot be ensured without considering heterogeneity. To address these challenges, a multidisciplinary team was formed to work on a pad; through the team’s efforts, designed proppant volume achieved zero casing deformations, fewer screenouts, and weaker fracture hits. The key to effective mitigation was continuous 3D geological and geomechanical (G&G) modeling through ongoing iterations with field data.

Background

The Longmaxi shale play in the Sichuan Basin is approximately 20 000 km2 and is buried between 2000 and 4500 m.

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