在连续注入时，储层固体通常保留在储层内。然而，长时间或突然关井会引发强烈的瞬态流动现象，如水锤、回流和横流，导致细粒和基质砂在井筒中运移和积聚(SPE 187103)。因此，碎片的积累会显着降低结构完整性以及注入井提高采收率 (EOR) 的整体长期可行性。

这个问题在位于尼日尔三角洲南部地区的一个海上油田变得尤为明显。随着时间的推移，井中的堆积导致注入量大幅下降，这大大缩短了油井的使用寿命，在预期注入量下只有几年。尝试了各种修复技术，例如管道安装阀门和回流限制器技术，但事实证明这两种技术在解决环流和错流问题方面都无效。

为了防止可能昂贵且复杂的干预措施、侧钻或井筒废弃，运营商 SNEPCo 进行的进一步分析得出的结论是，有效的解决方案需要在注水井内尽可能靠近砂面进行部署。

uring continuous injection, reservoir solids usually remain within the reservoir. However, prolonged or abrupt well shut ins can trigger intense transient flow phenomena like water hammer, backflow, and crossflow, causing fines and matrix sands to migrate and accumulate in the wellbore (SPE 187103). As a result, the accumulation of debris can markedly reduce structural integrity and the overall long-term viability of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from the injection wells.

This issue had become particularly evident in an offshore field situated in the southern region of the Niger Delta. Over time, buildup in the well led to a substantial decrease in injection rates, which had significantly shortened the operational lifespan of the wells to just a few years at the anticipated injection rates. Various remediation technologies were attempted, such as tubing-installed valve and backflow-restrictor technology but both proved ineffective in resolving annular-flow and crossflow issues.

To prevent potentially expensive and complex interventions, sidetracking, or wellbore abandonment, further analyses by the operator, SNEPCo, concluded that an effective solution necessitated deployment as close to the sandface within the injector wells as possible.