水资源管理

零液体排放、零矿物质排放工艺，回收水，提取盐分

本文证明，利用化学反应途径，然后进行真空驱动结晶和锂提取工艺，可以从采出水盐水中回收高纯度的钙、镁、锶、钠和锂盐。

图 1——示意图，展示了零矿物排放/ZLD 工艺的优势。
图 1——示意图，展示了零矿物排放/ZLD 工艺的优势。
来源：SPE 225181。

零液体排放（ZLD）技术是一种清洁技术，可利用反渗透（RO）海水淡化装置对低盐度卤水（例如海水）进行资源化利用。其关键在于去除和回收钙，以避免后续高级分离装置在回收其他有价值盐类时出现结垢问题。目前大多数技术依赖于丢弃部分盐类，同时回收其他盐类。本文提出了一种系统化的工艺，可从高盐度油井的采出水中高效回收所有钠、钙、镁、锶和锂盐。

问题陈述

虽然目前的废水回收和减量技术是有效的，但它们需要消耗大量能源。

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Water management

Zero-Liquid-Discharge, Zero-Mineral-Discharge Process Recovers Water, Extracts Salts

This paper demonstrates that high-purity salts of calcium, magnesium, strontium, sodium, and lithium can be recovered from produced-water brine using a chemical-reaction pathway followed by vacuum-driven crystallization and a lithium-extraction process.

Fig. 1—Schematic demonstrating the advantages of the zero-mineral-discharge/ZLD process.
Fig. 1—Schematic demonstrating the advantages of the zero-mineral-discharge/ZLD process.
Source: SPE 225181.

The zero-liquid-discharge (ZLD) approach is a clean technology for valorizing low-salinity brines such as seawater using desalination reverse-osmosis (RO) plants. A key aspect is calcium removal and recovery to avoid scaling problems in successive advanced separation units for recovering other valuable salts. Most current technology relies on discarding some salts while recovering others. In this paper, a systematic process is proposed by which all the salts of sodium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, and lithium can be recovered in their highest purity from produced-water brines from oil wells with very high salinity.

Problem Statement

While current wastewater-reclamation and -minimization technologies are effective, they demand high energy consumption.

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