钻孔

障碍将限制深水钻井船队的规模

全球浮式钻井平台市场火热,高端设备的日费攀升至 50 万美元以上,并进入(可能)永远不会到来的新建周期。

跨洋钻探船深水泰坦
Transocean 钻井船 <i>Deepwater Titan</i> 于 2022 年底交付。该船及其姊妹船 <i>Deepwater Atlas</i> 于 2022 年 6 月交付,是现存唯一的第八代钻井船。
资料来源:越洋。

对于全球深水作业的海上钻井承包商来说,这几年是动荡的几年。在过去的五年里,深水专家 Valaris、Diamond Offshore、Noble Corp. 和 Seadrill 已根据《破产法》第 11 章申请破产保护,这在很大程度上是由于 COVID-19 大流行的影响,该流行病实际上从 2020 年到 2022 年关闭了市场。

几年前,由于油价下跌导致其钻井船队一系列合同被取消,Ocean Rig 根据美国破产法第 15 章申请破产,而其竞争对手 Pacific Drilling 同年也遭遇了类似的命运。

疫情过后,Transocean 现在拥有 Ocean Rig 船队,Noble 收购了 Pacific,油价上涨并稳定下来,对深水钻井平台的需求一直在攀升。经过 36 个月的冷堆放、出售或从上市车队中彻底退役资产后,这是一个令人耳目一新的转变。

据 Westwood Global Energy Group 称,在疫情期间,全球浮式钻井船队中已删除了 49 艘浮式钻井平台,其中包括 37 艘半潜式钻井平台和 12 艘钻井船。这些设备大多数都比较老旧,在闲置一段时间后不太可能恢复钻井服务。

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Drilling

Hurdles Will Keep Deepwater Rig Fleet Size in Check

The heated global floating rig market has day rates for high-end units climbing over a half million dollars and toward a newbuild cycle that will (likely) never come.

Transocean drillship Deepwater Titan
Transocean drillship <i>Deepwater Titan</i> was delivered at the end of 2022. This unit and its sister <i>Deepwater Atlas</i>, delivered in June 2022, are the only 8th-generation drillships in existence.
Source: Transocean.

It has been a tumultuous few years for offshore rig contractors operating in deep water across the globe. Over the past half decade, deepwater specialists Valaris, Diamond Offshore, Noble Corp., and Seadrill have filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, due in large part to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic that effectively shut down the market from 2020 until 2022.

A few years before that, Ocean Rig filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy after lower oil prices prompted a series of contract cancellations for its drillship-heavy fleet, while rival Pacific Drilling suffered a similar fate that same year.

Post-pandemic, Transocean now owns the Ocean Rig fleet, Noble scooped up Pacific, and oil prices have risen and stabilized to the point that demand for deepwater rigs has been climbing. It’s a refreshing shift after 36 months of cold stacking, selling, or flat-out retiring assets from the marketed fleet.

Forty-nine floating units—37 semisubmersibles and 12 drillships, according to Westwood Global Energy Group—were expunged from the global floating rig fleet during the pandemic years. Most of these units were older and not likely to return to drilling service after any significant length on the sidelines.

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