挪威的持续复苏得益于诸如具有成本效益的海底液压动力装置和远程操作油管悬挂工具 SWIFT 等进步，这些进步通过实现无脐带缆操作减少了对重型顶部套件的需求。

Rystad 补充道，总体而言，深水和超深水项目已获得大量投资，海底领域也从石油和天然气领域扩展到碳捕获和储存领域。

供应商正在开发更高效的海底生产系统，以得到更广泛的应用。

Rystad 供应链研究分析师 Sanwari Mahajan 表示：“海底市场已从新冠疫情的影响中强劲反弹，疫情导致 2020 年支出大幅下降 20%。”

2024 年至 2028 年，深水开发可能占海底市场的 45%，其中最主要的是巴西 Barracuda Revitalization、挪威近海 Johan Castberg和莫桑比克近海 Golfinho等绿地项目。

北海地区较大的棕地项目包括Balder Future、Gullfaks South 和 Schiehallion。

巴西和圭亚那近海的超深水项目以 FPSO 为特色，可能占据 35% 的市场份额。未来五年，南美洲将以约 500 台海底采油树的安装量领先。

超深水绿地项目（深度超过 1,500 米）包括圭亚那的Yellowtail、Tilapia 和 Redtail，以及巴西的 B ú zios VIII、B ú zios IX、S é pia 和 Atapu。棕地深水活动将以尼日利亚近海的 Egina和美国近海的Argos（Mad Dog 第二阶段）为特色。

今年，Equinor 负责安装全球 17% 的新海底采油树，其次是埃克森美孚，占 12%，主要在圭亚那（Yellowtail、Redtail 和 Payara）。

在 SURF领域，Rystad 预测 2024 年全球将安装 3,500 公里，其中巴西（22%）、美国（15%）和安哥拉（10%）位居前列。 

TechnipFMC 可在 2024 年至 2029 年期间供应约 400 棵海底采油树，其中 35% 将用于埃克森美孚在圭亚那近海的开发项目，22% 将用于巴西近海的巴西石油公司。

OneSubsea 在同一时期可以交付近 270 棵采油树，其中约 40% 运往巴西。Aker Solutions（现为 OneSubsea）应提供 150 棵采油树，其中 80% 运往挪威近海油田。

Norway’s continued resurgence is supported by advances such as a cost-efficient subsea hydraulic power unit and the remotely operated tubing hanger tool SWIFT, which lessens the need for a heavy topside kit through enabling umbilical-less operations.

In general, there has been significant investment in deepwater and ultradeepwater projects, Rystad added, with the subsea sector also expanding beyond oil and gas into carbon capture and storage .

Suppliers are developing more efficient subsea production systems, which are set for wider adoption.

“The subsea market has rebounded robustly from the impacts of COVID-19, which caused a significant 20% drop in expenditure in 2020,” said Sanwari Mahajan, a Rystad analyst for Supply Chain Research.

Deepwater developments will likely account for 45% of the subsea market from 2024 to 2028, led by greenfield projects such as the Barracuda Revitalization in Brazil, Johan Castberg offshore Norway and Golfinho offshore Mozambique.

Among the larger brownfield projects in the North Sea region are Balder Future, Gullfaks South and Schiehallion.

Ultradeepwater projects featuring FPSOs offshore Brazil and Guyana could represent 35% of the market. South America is set to lead the way with about 500 subsea tree installations over the next five years.

Ultradeepwater greenfield projects (beyond 1,500 m) include Yellowtail, Tilapia and Redtail in Guyana, and Búzios VIII, Búzios IX, Sépia and Atapu in Brazil. Brownfield deepwater activity will feature at Egina offshore Nigeria and Argos (Mad Dog Phase 2) offshore the US.

Equinor is responsible for installing 17% of new subsea trees globally this year followed by Exxon Mobil with 12%, primarily in Guyana (Yellowtail, Redtail and Payara).

In the SURF sector, Rystad forecasts 3,500 km of installations worldwide in 2024, led by Brazil (22%), the US (15%) and Angola (10%). 

TechnipFMC could supply about 400 subsea trees between 2024 and 2029, of which 35% is destined for Exxon Mobil developments offshore Guyana and 22% for Petrobras offshore Brazil.

OneSubsea could deliver nearly 270 trees over the same period, with about 40% in Brazil. Aker Solutions (now OneSubsea) should provide 150 trees, and 80% of these are for fields offshore Norway.