世界石油


(彭博社)“对雪佛龙公司 (Chevron Corp.) 10 月份收购赫斯公司 (Hess Corp.) 的交易投入数十亿美元的对冲基金经理仍坚持自己的赌注,尽管存在另一个可能会破坏收购的障碍。

埃克森美孚公司上周表示,它拥有优先购买赫斯 在圭亚那海岸共同拥有的利润丰厚的海上石油开发项目中的股份的权利,该开发项目是雪佛龙以 530 亿美元收购的皇冠上的明珠。圭亚那和邻国委内瑞拉之间的紧张局势不断升级,促使一些人重新评估收购完成的可能性。

这增加了 Millennium Management、Pentwater Capital Management、Balyasny Asset Management 等对冲基金的风险,截至 12 月底,这些基金收购了 Hess 近八分之一的股票,总价值超过 50 亿美元,使其成为全球最大的对冲基金之一。根据彭博社汇编的数据,该集团最受欢迎的并购套利头寸之一。

Millennium、Pentwater 和 Balyasny 拒绝置评,而 Adage Capital Management 的代表则没有回应置评请求。

“我并不否认这是美中不足,”威彻斯特资本管理公司联席首席投资官罗伊·贝伦说,该公司是在赫斯股票中拥有重要地位的机构投资者之一。“尽管围绕此事和委内瑞拉局势存在诸多争议,但我们仍然相信这笔交易更有可能完成。”

两家对冲基金在该交易上进行大量并购套利的投资者也表达了同样的观点。他们要求不透露姓名,因为他们无权公开发言。埃克森美孚宣布收购后,Hess 的交易价格与收购要约价值之间的差价已从 11 美元缩小至 7 美元左右,这是市场对交易完成信心增强的又一迹象。

赫斯交易涉及的风险说明了押注大型企业收购结果的复杂性。在拜登政府的领导下,并购套利投资者已经面临着更严峻的反垄断环境,交易量在去年急剧放缓后才刚刚开始反弹。

尽管坚持押注,但鉴于最近的事态发展,一些大型对冲基金现在对该交易仍比宣布时更加谨慎。

让套利交易者感到复杂的部分原因是,股权纠纷源于埃克森美孚和中国石油巨头中海油与赫斯就圭亚那资产达成的联合运营协议。由于该合同不是公开的,投资者很难评估其可能如何实施,及其对交易完成时间(定于 2024 年中期左右)的影响。

萨斯奎哈纳金融集团 (Susquehanna Financial Group) 风险套利分析师弗雷德里克·鲍彻 (Frederic Boucher) 表示:“希佛龙公司已明确表示,它认为优先购买权问题不适用,而且大多数投资者似乎已经接受了这一观点。”该公司是赫斯证券的做市商。雪佛龙上周表示,它“完全致力于”赫斯交易,并且不认为合同或与埃克森美孚的讨论将阻止其完成。

鲍彻补充说,埃克森美孚最终可能直接收购赫斯的可能性可能会导致价差缩小。

埃克森美孚表示:“我们的投资者和合作伙伴有义务考虑根据我们的联合经营协议规定的优先购买权,以确保我们保留实现我们在圭亚那资产中创造和有权获得的重大价值的权利。”在一份声明中说。

在委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗在最近举行的拉丁美洲和加勒比国家共同体会议期间与圭亚那总统伊尔法安·阿里交换礼物后,地缘政治紧张局势“另一个主要的不确定性”也有所缓解。

几位市场专家表示,基于 Hess 的不同假设,目前市场定价的交易完成可能性似乎在 65% 至 75% 之间,从上周的 55% 上升至 60%。合并失败时的独立价值。

许多对冲基金还拥有大量期权头寸,这些头寸似乎可以抵御赫斯股价下跌的影响,尽管从监管文件中无法看出它们能抵御多大程度的下跌。

过山车雪佛龙-赫斯的交易对并购套利投资者来说是一个可喜的缓解,因为去年大部分时间,由于交易放缓,他们一直在努力寻找有吸引力的机会。他们认为,此次收购不太可能像微软公司收购动视暴雪公司那样面临严格的监管审查。由于这是去年宣布的第二大石油合并,因此如果交易按计划进行,预计将带来巨大收益。

麻烦的第一个迹象出现在十二月,当时委内瑞拉威胁要夺取圭亚那矿产丰富的地区。赫斯的股价跌至比雪佛龙出价低约 14 美元,这是自该交易宣布以来的最大差距。

据知情人士透露,上个月,由于两个南美国家之间的地缘政治紧张局势不断升温,来自伦敦和纽约的对冲基金高管纷纷涌向乔治城举行的圭亚那能源会议和供应链博览会。

因讨论私人问题而要求匿名的知情人士表示,由于需求激增,乔治城的顶级酒店已被订满,一些基金经理最终不得不共用房间。当时从伦敦到圭亚那首都的往返商务舱机票价格飙升至1万多英镑。

现在,基金经理正在等待股权纠纷能否通过谈判得到解决。雪佛龙表示,如果纠纷确实进入仲裁且埃克森美孚胜诉,该公司将取消收购。

Wallachbeth Capital 的事件驱动策略师布雷特·巴克利 (Brett Buckley) 称其为“后果严重、概率较低的事件”,并补充说,虽然与埃克森美孚和中海油的优先购买权纠纷给套利投资者增加了一层额外的风险,但“这不太可能影响交易结果。

“在这样的交易过程中可能会出现这些争议,”他说。“应由有关各方友好解决。”


原文链接/oilandgas360

World Oil


(Bloomberg) – Hedge fund managers that wagered billions on Chevron Corp.’s October deal to buy Hess Corp. are sticking to their bets despite another roadblock that could potentially torpedo the acquisition.

Exxon Mobil Corp. said last week it has the first right to purchase Hess’s stake in a lucrative offshore oil development they jointly own off the coast of Guyana, the crown jewel of Chevron’s $53 billion acquisition. It follows escalating tensions between Guyana and neighbor Venezuela that have prompted some to reassess the likelihood of the takeover going through.

That’s increasing the risks for hedge funds like Millennium Management, Pentwater Capital Management, Balyasny Asset Management and others, which scooped up almost an eighth of Hess’s shares by the end of December, more than $5 billion total — making it one of the most popular merger-arbitrage positions for the group, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

Millennium, Pentwater and Balyasny declined to comment, while a representative for Adage Capital Management didn’t respond to requests for comment.

“I am not denying that this is a fly in the ointment,” said Roy Behren, co-chief investment officer at Westchester Capital Management, one of the institutional investors with a significant position in Hess’s shares. “But despite the noise surrounding this and the Venezuela situation, we still believe the deal is more likely to be completed than not.”

Investors at two hedge funds with large merger-arbitrage wagers on the deal echoed the sentiment. They asked not to be named because they aren’t authorized to speak publicly. The difference between Hess’s trading price and the value of the takeover offer has narrowed to about $7, from as wide as $11 following the Exxon announcement, another sign of growing market confidence that the deal will get done.

The risks involved with the Hess deal illustrate the complexities of betting on the outcomes of large corporate takeovers. Merger-arbitrage investors are already navigating a tougher antitrust environment under the Biden Administration, and dealmaking is only just starting to bounce back after a steep slowdown last year.

Despite sticking to their bets, some of the big hedge funds are still more cautious about the deal now than they were when it was announced given the recent developments.

Part of the complication for arbitrage traders was that the stake dispute stemmed from Exxon and Chinese oil giant Cnooc Ltd.’s joint operating agreement with Hess regarding the Guyana asset. Because the contract isn’t public, it’s hard for investors to assess how it may play out, and its impact on deal’s closing timeline, which is scheduled around mid-2024.

“Chevron has made it clear that it doesn’t think the right of first refusal issue is applicable, and most investors seemed to have gotten around to that view,” said Frederic Boucher, a risk-arbitrage analyst at Susquehanna Financial Group, which is a market maker in Hess’s securities. Chevron said last week that it’s “fully committed” to the Hess deal and doesn’t believe the contract or discussions with Exxon will prevent its completion.

The possibility that Exxon might eventually make a bid for Hess outright might have contributed to the spread narrowing, Boucher added.

“We owe it to our investors and partners to consider our preemption rights in place under our Joint Operating Agreement to ensure we preserve our right to realize the significant value we’ve created and are entitled to in the Guyana asset,” Exxon said in a statement.

Geopolitical tensions — another key uncertainty  — have also abated after Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro exchanged gifts with Guyana’s President Irfaan Ali on the sidelines of the recent Community of Latin American and Caribbean States meeting.

The market now appears to be pricing in anywhere between a 65% to 75% likelihood of the deal going through — up from 55% to high-60% last week, according to several market specialists, based on varying assumptions of Hess’s standalone value if the merger fails.

Many hedge funds also owned sizable options positions that appeared to protect against a drop in Hess’s share price, though it’s not possible to discern from regulatory filings how much of a decline they’re shielded against.

Roller-coaster ride. The Chevron-Hess deal was a welcome relief for merger-arbitrage investors who had struggled for much of last year to find attractive opportunities because of a slowdown in dealmaking. They reckoned the acquisition was less likely to face the intense regulatory scrutiny that Microsoft Corp.’s takeover of Activision Blizzard Inc. was confronted with. Because it was the second largest oil merger announced last year, gains were touted to be hefty if the deal went as planned.

The first signs of trouble came in December, when Venezuela threatened to seize mineral-rich regions in Guyana. Hess’s stock fell to about $14 below the value of Chevron’s bid, the widest gap since the deal was announced.

Concerned hedge fund executives from London and New York flocked to the Guyana Energy Conference & Supply Chain Expo in Georgetown last month as geopolitical tensions between the two South American countries simmered, according to people with knowledge of the matter.

Georgetown’s top hotels were fully booked due to the surge in demand, and some fund managers ended up having to share rooms, the people said, asking not to be identified discussing a private matter. Prices for round-trip business class tickets from London to the capital city of Guyana surged to more than £10,000 at the time.

Now, fund managers are waiting to see whether the stake dispute gets resolved via negotiations. Chevron said that it would cancel the takeover if the dispute does go to arbitration and Exxon wins.

Brett Buckley, an event-driven strategist at Wallachbeth Capital, called it a “high-consequence, low-probability event,” adding that while the preemptive rights dispute with Exxon and Cnooc adds an extra layer of risk for arbitrage investors, it’s unlikely that it would impact the deal outcome.

“These disputes can arise during transactions like this,” he said. “It should be amicably resolved by the relevant parties.”