观点:新完井与油井干预

随着能源转型和经济压力将油井干预与新完井的争论置于中心舞台,Tendeka 专家讨论了合作伙伴关系如何加快生产并打造一条更清洁、更环保的道路。

吉姆·麦高文和苏珊娜·斯图尔特,Tendeka

修井与新完井的问题并不新鲜。虽然在老化或现有关井中提高产量和提高采收率可能只是成本的一​​小部分,但修复或更换的决定在很大程度上取决于每口井的复杂性、物流和经济性。

在当前该行业难以获得投资的环境下,油井干预可能是一些公司的唯一选择。有大量潜在生产井由于某种类型的故障而被关闭,无论是地下安全阀问题、出砂还是无法控制的产水。在许多情况下,可以使用现有技术和新技术进行修复,不需要调动钻机和昂贵的重新完成。

与数字技术相结合的新材料和方法正在帮助复兴陆上和海上油井。这些进步显然依赖于创新和研发,但与其他公司的合作,共享核心和互补能力,可以推动从概念到商业化的旅程。

合作伙伴的力量

在当今动荡的市场中,随着 COVID-19 大流行带来的不确定性增加以及社会对气候意识运营的需求,从孤岛工作向合作伙伴关系的转变正在强调“两个人比一个人更好”这一古老的格言。一个”。

Tendeka 正在将新技术与多个行业合作伙伴相结合,以克服完井领域的常见问题。其中包括补救防砂、除垢以及恢复目前因安全阀问题而关闭或限产的油井。与运营商、开发商和其他服务公司的密切关系表明,使用现有技术和新技术可以使关闭的油井重新上线,并提高油井完整性和运营效率,从而提高采收率。

例如,在成熟盆地中,由于现有井下防砂措施失败或由于压力耗尽和/或产水而开始出砂,出砂问题可能占所有关闭井的 10%。 

与能够为最终用户提供一站式特定问题解决方案的公司合作,不仅可以提供全方位的解决方案,而且还可以通过访问以下关系来增加支持更广泛客户群的前景:两家公司。拥有真正互补的技术对于打包解决方案也至关重要,例如将干预创新与具有传送和/或精确定位井眼位置以放置工具或设备的技术相结合。 

我们与诊断专家 TGT 的合作有效减轻了井防砂失败带来的代价高昂的后果。在被称为“查找修复确认”的补救性防砂合作中,TGT 的 Sand Flow 产品用于准确识别井眼内出砂的位置。然后,我们的一趟式 Filtrex 通管防砂系统可以快速修复损坏。至关重要的是,该服务可以通过重新部署 TGT 的诊断产品来确认解决方案的有效性(图 1)。

利用合作伙伴在销售和运营方面更大的影响力来进入更大的市场和更多的潜在客户也是有益的。 

通过协作创新

另一个实际合作的例子是我们与设计工程和制造公司 Wellvene 合作,创建并鉴定 Tendeka 的新版本可膨胀密封解决方案 SwellStack。 

由于井下安全阀密封孔可能由于诸如钢丝绳之类的干预活动而被腐蚀或损坏,通常为插入式安全阀提供的标准人字形堆叠可能无法在此类损坏的孔内有效地密封。这导致碳氢化合物沿着控制管线向上迁移的泄漏路径。在这种情况下,唯一的解决方案是进行跨式安装或对上部完井进行修井并更换损坏的阀门。这两种选择都是昂贵且耗时的。 

增强型 Tendeka/Wellvene SwellStack 的推出提供了一种经济高效的密封解决方案,该解决方案与所有 Wellvene 和原始设备制造商 (OEM) 插入式安全阀兼容。该专利技术的使用确保了由于插入安全阀密封失败而关闭的油井可以恢复生产,
从而消除了考虑更高成本和长引线跨座或潜在修井的任何要求。

我们的尖端技术可以通过多种方式恢复和提高产量,解决导致许多油井在最终恢复实现之前就被关闭的问题。作为世界上第一个可重新部署的无线完井设备,PulseEight 电子环境阀 (EAV) 提供了一种智能方式来重建井的完整性或以更高的速率流动,而所需的设备更少。风暴窒的限制(图2)。

Tendeka 新完井与修井图 2
图 2: PulseEight 是一种油藏管理系统,它依靠流体谐波,使用产生的液体或气体进行双向通信并提供井下无线控制。(来源:Tendeka)

同样,对于新井,可以采用流入控制技术和砂筛来增加石油产量并消除水产量。

补救解决方案并不总是机械的,例如,我们提供水垢溶解器来消除近井眼和完井中积聚的水垢,这两种情况都会导致产量减少。尤其是硫酸钡垢,很难通过传统的粗头处理和需要长时间浸泡的浸泡来去除。使用高效的水垢溶解器,结合喷射受影响区域的方法,可以显着提高治疗效果并最大限度地减少所需的体积。因此,我们与一家拥有盘管能力的公司合作,使用光井循环系统将 BSD-40 硫酸钡垢溶解器直接运送到受影响区域。总之,这提供了一个更全面的解决方案,且运营资源要求低,比拉削替代方案更具成本效益。

通过提供互补的、经过验证的技术来提供价值是安全、可持续地克服挑战的目标,从而安全、快速地恢复行业的生产和生产力。

信任和团队合作推动能源转型

专家认为,到2050年,全球至少一半的能源需求仍将来自化石燃料,仅上游产业每年至少需要350-4000亿美元的投资。这只是为了取代加速下降曲线的当前水平。零排放转型将花费超过 40 万亿美元的全球承诺,并且必须在中期通过对化石燃料的持续投资来推动。没有更便宜的替代能源或大量可用的技术知识,也没有更强大的收入来源来资助替代燃料的发展。

据预测,未来 30 年化石燃料需求将出现多次峰值,我们需要更快、更便宜、更可持续地满足全球需求。因此,大幅加速化石燃料开采的更大投资将是推动真正自然过渡到替代能源的最有效的引擎和最快的方式。这些目标并不相互排斥,事实上,它们是相互包容的。


关于作者:

Jim McGowin 担任 Tendeka 北美和南美地区副总裁。他在油田井眼施工、完井系统和服务以及提高采收率技术的销售、营销和运营管理方面拥有 30 多年的经验。在加入 Tendeka 之前,他曾担任 Packers Plus Energy Services 的销售经理。其他曾担任的职务包括贝克休斯 (Baker Hughes) 竣工/美国土地销售总监以及 TAM International 总经理兼业务开发总监。

坦德卡·苏珊·斯图尔特
苏珊·斯图尔特

Suzanne Stewart 担任 Tendeka 技术副总裁。她从 Baker Hughes 加入 Tendeka,在专注于全球完井和防砂市场 25 年后带来了丰富的经验。

原文链接/hartenergy

Opinion: New Completions Versus Well Intervention

Tendeka specialists discuss how partnerships can hasten production and forge a cleaner, greener path as the energy transition and economic pressures put the debate of well intervention versus new completions center stage.

Jim McGowin and Suzanne Stewart, Tendeka

The issue of well intervention versus new completions is not new. While it can be a fraction of the cost to enhance production and improve recovery in an aging or existing shut-in well, the decision to remediate or replace is very much dependent on the complexities, logistics and economics of each well.

In the current climate, where investment is hard to come by for the sector, well intervention may be the only option for some companies. There are a huge number of potentially producing wells that are shut-in due to some type of failure, be it subsurface safety valve issues, sand production, or unmanageable water production. In many cases, remediation is possible using existing and new technology that does not require rig mobilization and costly recompletions.

New materials and methodologies aligned with digital technologies are aiding the revitalization of wells both on and offshore. Such advances are clearly dependent on innovation and R&D but collaboration with other companies, sharing core and complementary competencies, can galvanize the journey from concept to commercialization.

The Power of Partnerships

In today’s volatile market, with the added uncertainty brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and societal demands for climate conscious operations, the transition from working in silos to partnerships is accentuating the age-old adage that ‘two heads are better than one’.

Tendeka is combining new technology with several industry partnerships to overcome common problems in the completions arena. These include remedial sand control, scale removal and the rejuvenation of wells currently shut-in or production-limited due to safety valve issues. Close relationships with operators, developers and other service companies have shown how the use of existing and new technologies can bring shut-in wells back online and improve well integrity and operational efficiencies to increase recovery factors.

For example, in mature basins, sand issues can account for up to 10% of all shut-in wells either due to failure of the existing downhole sand control or onset of sand production due to pressure depletion and/or water production. 

The ability to partner with companies that enable a one-stop-shop for the solution of a specific problem for an end-user not only provides an all-encompassing solution but also increases the prospect of supporting a broader client base by accessing the relationships of both companies. Having truly complementary technologies is also crucial in packaging a solution, such as partnering an intervention innovation with a technology that has the means of conveying and/or pinpointing the location in the wellbore to place the tool or device. 

Our partnership with diagnostic specialists TGT effectively mitigates the costly consequences of sand control failure in wells. The remedial sand control collaboration known as ‘Find Fix Confirm’, sees TGT’s Sand Flow product used to accurately identify the locations of sand ingress within the wellbore. Then, our one trip Filtrex thru-tubing sand control system can quickly repair the damage. Crucially, the service can confirm the effectiveness of the solution with the redeployment of TGT’s diagnostic product (Figure 1).

It can also be beneficial to use a partner’s larger footprint in sales and operations to access a larger market and more potential customers. 

Innovation through Collaboration

Another example of collaboration in action is our partnership with design engineering and manufacturing company Wellvene, to create and qualify a new version of Tendeka’s swellable sealing solution, SwellStack. 

As downhole safety valve seal bores can become corroded or damaged due to intervention activity such as wireline, standard chevron stacks commonly provided for insert safety valves may be unable to effectively seal within such damaged bores. This results in a leak path for hydrocarbons to migrate up the control line. In such cases, the only solution is to perform a straddle installation or workover the upper completion and replace the damaged valve. Both options are costly and time consuming. 

The introduction of the enhanced Tendeka/Wellvene SwellStack provides a cost-effective sealing solution that is compatible with all Wellvene and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) insert safety valves. The use of the patented technology ensures production can be reinstated to wells that are closed in due to the failed sealing of an insert safety valve,
thereby eliminating any requirement to consider higher cost and long lead straddles or potential workovers.

Our cutting-edge technologies can recover and enhance production in a number of ways by resolving issues that have caused many wells to be shut-in long before their ultimate recovery has been realized. As the world’s first re-deployable wireless completion with control, power, monitoring and communications already on board, PulseEight Electronic Ambient Valve (EAV) offers a smart way to re-establish well integrity, or flow at higher rates, with fewer of the constraints of storm chokes (Figure 2).

Tendeka New Completions Versus Well Intervention Figure 2
Figure 2: PulseEight is a reservoir management system that relies on Fluid Harmonics, using produced liquids or gas, to communicate in both directions and provide downhole control wirelessly. (Source: Tendeka)

Likewise, for new wells, inflow control technologies and sand screens to increase oil production and eliminate water production can be deployed.

Remedial solutions are not always mechanical and as an example, we provide scale dissolvers to remove the build-up of scale in the near wellbore and in the completion, both of which can cause reduced production. Barium sulfate scale in particular, is challenging to remove with conventional bullheading and soaking requiring long soak periods. Using a highly effective scale dissolver, in combination with a means to jet the affected area, significantly improves the effectiveness of the treatment and minimizes the volume required. As a result, we have partnered with a company with coil capability to deliver BSD-40 barium sulfate scale dissolver directly to the affected area using a light well circulation system. Together, this provides a more holistic solution with low operational resource requirements, which is more cost-effective than broaching alternatives.

Providing value through the delivery of complementary, proven technologies is the goal to safely and sustainably overcome the challenges that will safely and quickly restore production and productivity in the industry.

Trust and Teamwork to Fuel Energy Transition

Experts believe that at least half of the world’s energy needs will still be required from fossil fuels through to 2050, with a minimum annual investment of US$350-400 billion required in the upstream industry alone. This is just to replace current levels against the accelerating decline curves. The zero-emissions transition will cost over US$40 trillion in global commitment and must be fuelled mid-term by continued investment in fossil fuels. There is no cheaper energy alternative or technical know-how readily available in mass and no stronger revenue streams to finance the movement into alternative fuels.

It is predicted we will have several more spikes in fossil fuel demands throughout the next 30 years and we need to supply this global demand faster, cheaper and more sustainably.  Therefore, a much larger investment in significantly accelerating the extraction of fossil fuels will be the most efficient engine and quickest way to drive a true natural transition to alternative energy. These goals are not mutually exclusive of each other and in fact, are mutually inclusive.


About the Authors:

Jim McGowin serves as vice president of North and South America at Tendeka. He has more than 30 years’ experience in sales, marketing and operations management of oilfield wellbore construction, completion systems and services and enhanced oil recovery techniques. Prior to Tendeka, he was sales manager at Packers Plus Energy Services. Other former roles include sales director of completions/U.S. land at Baker Hughes and general manager and business development director at TAM International.

Tendeka Suzanne Stewart
Suzanne Stewart

Suzanne Stewart serves as vice president of technology at Tendeka. She joined Tendeka from Baker Hughes, and brings extensive experience after 25 years focused on the completion and sand control markets globally.