本周油价受哪些因素影响?(2025年7月21日)

对于未来一周,Stratas Advisors预计布伦特原油价格将维持在70美元以下,受供需因素的下行压力。

布伦特原油价格本周收盘报每桶69.23美元,上周收盘价为每桶70.36美元。(来源:Shutterstock)

布伦特原油价格本周收盘报69.23美元,而上周收盘价为70.36美元。西德克萨斯中质原油价格本周收盘报67.31美元,而上周收盘价为68.45美元。阿曼原油价格本周收盘报71.08美元。

上周初,我们提出如果特朗普总统宣布加强对俄罗斯石油的制裁,油价将会上涨。虽然特朗普总统确实宣布了制裁措施,但其中规定俄罗斯必须在50天内与乌克兰达成停火,之后加强制裁才会生效。因此,尽管特朗普总统威胁对俄罗斯石油进口国实施二级制裁,但其对油价的影响并不大。

注:自特朗普总统宣布这一消息以来,欧盟最近同意对俄罗斯石油实施额外制裁,包括降低价格上限和对俄罗斯原油制成的燃料进行限制。

上周,美国经济和中国经济均发布了相对积极的经济数据。

  • 美国人口普查局报告称,零售和食品服务销售额较 5 月份增长 0.6%,比上年同期高 3.9%。此外,美国劳工部发布的数据显示,首次申请失业救济人数为 221,000 人,比前一周减少 7,000 人。四周移动平均值为 229,500 人,比前一周平均值减少 6,250 人。通胀数据继续低迷,生产者价格指数 (PPI)(涉及批发成本)6 月份与 5 月份相比没有变化。按年率计算,总体 PPI 上涨 2.3%,而 5 月份为 2.7%,为 2024 年 9 月以来的最低水平。核心 PPI(不包括食品和能源)为 2.6%,这是自 2024 年 7 月以来的最小涨幅。 
  • 官方数据显示,中国经济第二季度增长5.2%,高于第一季度的5.4%。尽管增长相对强劲,但中国商务部长表示,中国经济仍面临非常严峻复杂的形势,政府将采取更多措施应对挑战,包括出台鼓励扩大国内消费和减少对出口依赖的政策。中国还持续面临通货紧缩压力。2025年6月,中国生产者价格指数同比下降3.6%,标志着中国连续33个月出现通货紧缩,为2023年7月以来最严重的一次。 

然而,对全球经济的担忧依然存在,尽管近期出现了一些积极的进展,但关税仍然是造成全球经济不确定性的主要因素。除了美国和印尼最近达成的贸易协议外,关税方面的重大新闻仍然是中美贸易紧张局势的缓和。美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特和其他美国官员将于6月初在伦敦与中国财政部长举行会晤。此次会晤似乎重启了两国之间的贸易谈判,并达成了一项框架协议。然而,目前对中国进口产品的关税仍高达55%,关键金属和稀土方面仍有一些问题有待解决。在此背景下,中美双方确认了涵盖稀土出口和放宽技术限制的贸易框架的更多细节。作为伦敦协议的后续行动,中国承诺加快稀土对美出口,以换取美国做出的让步,例如保留中国学生签证。此外,特朗普政府还解除了对华人工智能芯片的销售禁令。随后,中国上个月稀土磁体出口量环比增长近三倍。出口水平仍低于特朗普政府宣布加征关税之前的水平。此外,美国正试图加速国内生产和多元化,但建立强大的稀土供应链需要数年时间和大量投资。Stratas Advisors 评估了美国和西方国家面临的挑战和差距,并在此重点强调。

与此同时,石油市场的供需动态也给油价带来了挑战。6月份,沙特阿拉伯的产量增至980万桶/日,超过了其950万桶/日的OPEC +配额。此外,随着产量的增加,沙特阿拉伯的原油出口预计将进一步增加,而随着夏季的结束,沙特阿拉伯的国内需求将随着直接原油消耗量的减少而下降。自6月初以来,我们一直认为,除非美国页岩油生产商出现减产迹象,并放弃增加资本支出和未来增产的计划,否则OPEC+将继续加速增产。在上次会议上,OPEC+成员国宣布8月份增产54.8万桶/日,此前5月、6月和7月的增产分别为41.1万桶/日。OPEC+还暗示,9月份将再次增产54.8万桶/日。

对于未来一周,我们预计布伦特原油价格将维持在70美元以下,供需因素的下行压力以及石油交易商的负面情绪将共同抵消地缘政治发展和有利的炼油环境带来的上行压力。

有关原油、成品油及其他能源相关基本面和价格的完整预测,请参阅我们的 短期展望


关于作者:  John E. Paisie , Stratas Advisors总裁 ,负责管理公司全球研究和咨询业务。加入 Stratas Advisors 之前,Paisie 曾担任总部位于华盛顿特区的战略咨询公司 PFC Energy 的合伙人,领导一项全球业务,致力于帮助客户(包括国际石油公司、国家石油公司、独立石油公司和政府)了解未来市场环境和竞争格局,制定合适的战略方向并实施战略举措。他曾在 IBM Consulting(前身为普华永道、普华永道咨询)担任战略变革业务副合伙人八年多,期间常驻休斯顿、新加坡、北京和伦敦。

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What's Affecting Oil Prices This Week? (July 21, 2025)

For the upcoming week, Stratas Advisors expect that the price of Brent crude oil will remain below $70 with downward pressure from supply and demand factors.

The price of Brent crude ended the week at $69.23 after closing the previous week at $70.36. (Source: Shutterstock)

The price of Brent crude ended the week at $69.23 after closing the previous week at $70.36. The price of WTI ended the week at $67.31 after closing the previous week at $68.45. The price of Oman crude oil ended the week at $71.08.

At the beginning of last week, we put forth the view that oil prices would move upward if President Trump announced enhanced sanctions on Russian oil. While President Trump did make an announcement pertaining to sanctions, the announcement included a period of 50 days for Russia to reach a ceasefire with Ukraine before the enhanced sanctions would take effect. As such, the announcement had a muted impact on oil prices despite including the threat of secondary sanctions on the countries importing Russian oil.

Note: Since the announcement by President Trump, the EU has recently agreed to additional sanctions on Russian oil, including a lower price cap and restrictions on fuels made from Russian crude.

Last week, relatively positive economic data were released for the U.S. economy and the Chinese economy.

  • The U.S. Census Bureau reported that retail and food services sales increased by 0.6% from May and are 3.9% higher in comparison to the previous year. Additionally, the Department of Labor released data that show initial jobless claims were 221,000, a decrease of 7,000 from the previous week's level. The 4-week moving average stands at 229,500, a decrease of 6,250 from the previous week's average. Inflation data continues to be muted with the producer price index (PPI), which pertains to wholesale costs, registering no change in June in comparison to May. On an annual basis, the headline PPI was up 2.3%, compared with 2.7% in May and the lowest level since September 2024. The core PPI (excluding food and energy was at 2.6%, which is the smallest gain since July 2024. 
  • According to official data, China’s economy grew by 5.2% during 2Q, which compares to 5.4% in 1Q. Despite the relatively strong growth, China’s Commerce Minister stated that China's economy is still facing a very severe and complex situation, and that the government will be taking additional action to address the challenges, including policies to encourage increased domestic consumption and to reduce reliance on exports. China also continues to face deflationary pressures. Producer prices fell 3.6% year-on-year in June 2025, marking 33 months of factory-gate deflation, the worst since July 2023. 

Concerns about the global economy, however, remain, with tariffs being a major factor creating uncertainty about the global economy despite some recent positive developments. Besides the recent trade agreement being reached between the U.S. and Indonesia, the big tariff news continues to be the easing of trade tensions between the U.S. and China. U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and other U.S. officials are meeting in London in early June with their Chinese counterparts. The meeting appears to have reset the trade negotiations between the two countries and resulted in an agreed framework. The current tariffs on Chinese imports, however, remain elevated at 55%, and there are still issues to be resolved pertaining to critical metals and rare earths. Within this context, China and the U.S. confirmed further details of a trade framework that covers rare earth exports and the easing of technology restrictions. As a follow-up to the agreement in London, China has committed to expediting REE shipments to the U.S. in exchange for U.S. concessions like maintaining Chinese student visas. Additionally, the Trump administration has lifted the ban on the sale of AI chips to China. Subsequently, China’s exports of rare-earth magnets increased last month by almost three times the previous month. The levels of exports remain lower than before the announcement of tariffs by the Trump administration. Additionally, the U.S. is attempting to accelerate domestic production and diversification, but building a robust rare-earth supply chain will take years and significant investment. Stratas Advisors has assessed the challenges and the gaps facing the U.S. and the West as highlighted here.

Meanwhile, the supply/demand dynamic associated with the oil market is presenting challenges for oil prices. During June, Saudi Arabia increased production to 9.8 MMbbl/d and exceeded its OPEC+ quota of 9.5 MMbbl/d. Additionally, Saudi Arabia’s crude exports are expected to increase further with production ramping up, while Saudi Arabia’s domestic demand will decrease with direct crude burn reducing as summer comes to an end. Since the beginning of June, we have been putting forth the view that OPEC+ will continue with the accelerated pace until signs of U.S. shale producers reducing production and backing off plans for increased capex and future production increases. At their last meeting, members of OPEC+ announced a production increase of 548,000 bbl/d in August – after increasing production by 411,000 bbl/d in May, June, and July. OPEC+ is also hinting that another 548,000 bbl/d increase will be added in September.

For the upcoming week, we expect that the price of Brent crude oil will remain below $70 with downward pressure from supply and demand factors, as well as the negative sentiment of oil traders, which together will offset upward pressure from geopolitical developments and the favorable refining environment.

For a complete forecast of crude oil and refined products and other energy-related fundamentals and prices, please refer to our Short-term Outlook.


About the Author: John E. Paisie, president of Stratas Advisors, is responsible for managing the research and consulting business worldwide. Prior to joining Stratas Advisors, Paisie was a partner with PFC Energy, a strategic consultancy based in Washington, D.C., where he led a global practice focused on helping clients (including IOCs, NOC, independent oil companies and governments) to understand the future market environment and competitive landscape, set an appropriate strategic direction and implement strategic initiatives. He worked more than eight years with IBM Consulting (formerly PriceWaterhouseCoopers, PwC Consulting) as an associate partner in the strategic change practice focused on the energy sector while residing in Houston, Singapore, Beijing and London.

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