钻井液由悬浮在液体中的固体颗粒组成的胶体悬浮液组成。由于压差，钻井泥浆的含水成分侵入可渗透地层，在所钻地层壁上留下固体沉积物，形成滤饼。

典型的钻井液应形成薄而光滑的滤饼并控制滤失，以尽快密封渗透区。厚滤饼和过度过滤会导致井眼狭窄、旋转阻力和摩擦力升高、井眼阻塞、地层中的流体流失、测井数据不理想以及储层地层损害。

为了避免钻井和生产问题，经常需要控制流体的渗透以形成最小的、低孔隙率的滤饼。在这项研究中，我们使用计算流体动力学（CFD）来模拟深井钻井过程中高温高压下垂直和倾斜井壁中管道旋转引起的滤饼的发展。

多项测试验证了基本模型在浅层和深部钻井作业中的应用。通过使用欧拉-欧拉方法将钻井液描述为二元相系统，包括非牛顿流体中悬浮的颗粒，我们的研究研究了幂律和 Herschel-Bulkley 流变模型。这些模型成功地预测了深部钻井作业底部区域钻井液的流动模式。

该研究通过检查不同压力下过平衡压力对滤饼厚度的影响，进一步探讨了滤饼的形成。钻井模拟结合实际操作参数下的管道旋转和偏心效应，准确预测滤饼厚度，与该领域的实验测量和现有 CFD 文献紧密结合。

本摘要摘自阿拉伯科学、技术和海运学院 AM Ramadan、A. Osman、A. Mehanna、AI Shehata 和 M. Shehadeh 撰写的论文 SPE 219446。该论文已经过同行评审，并可在 OnePetro 的 SPE 期刊上以开放获取形式获取。

Drilling fluids consist of colloidal suspensions that are made up of solid particles suspended in liquid. The aqueous component of the drilling mud invades a permeable formation due to differential pressure, leaving solid deposits on the drilled formation walls, forming a filter cake.

Typical drilling fluids should create a thin, slick filter cake and fluid loss control to seal permeable zones as swiftly as possible. Tight holes, elevated levels of rotational resistance and friction, wellbore obstruction, fluid loss into formations, suboptimal well-log data, and reservoir formation impairment result from thick filter cakes and excessive filtration.

Controlling infiltration of fluids to establish a minimal, low-porosity filter cake is frequently required to avoid drilling and production issues. In this study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model the development of filter cakes induced by pipe rotation in vertical and inclined wellbore walls under elevated temperature and pressure during deep drilling.

Multiple tests validate the basic model for application in both shallow and deep drilling operations. By use of a Eulerian-Eulerian approach to describe drilling fluids as a binary-phase system, including particles in suspension in the non-Newtonian fluid, our research investigates the power-law and Herschel-Bulkley rheological models. These models successfully predict the flow pattern of drilling fluid at the bottom region of deep drilling operations.

The study further explores filter-cake formation by examining the influence of overbalanced pressure on filter-cake thickness at various pressures. Drilling simulations, incorporating pipe rotation and eccentricity effects under realistic operating parameters, accurately project filter-cake thickness, aligning closely with experimental measurements and existing CFD literature in this domain.

This abstract is taken from paper SPE 219446 by A. M. Ramadan, A. Osman, A. Mehanna, A. I. Shehata, and M. Shehadeh, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport. The paper has been peer reviewed and is available as Open Access in SPE Journal on OnePetro.