海上钻井平台市场不断增长

Westwood 能源专家表示，全球范围内的海上钻井平台市场正在恢复到疫情前的水平，钻井船市场增长了 23%，自升式钻井平台市场增长了 6%。

杰克森
凯恩斯
哈特能源

休斯顿——尽管新冠疫情、俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以及欧洲能源危机导致石油和天然气市场变得不稳定，但钻井平台市场却以多年来从未见过的方式蓬勃发展。

Westwood 研究总监 Teresa Wilkie 在 10 月 20 日举行的海上早餐发布会上表示，在全球范围内，钻井船和自升式钻井平台的利用率达到了“自 2014 年油价暴跌以来的最高水平”。

由于2020年该行业在疫情期间面临财务问题，许多公司被迫削减钻井船的饵料。Westwood 统计，2015 年至 2022 年间共有 42 艘钻井船退役。在同一七年时间里，还有 150 多座较旧的自升式钻井平台也退役。然而，这为同期交付 110 艘新自升式钻井平台铺平了道路。

2022 年到目前为止，还没有钻井船退役，这表明钻井平台市场已恢复正常。Westwood 表示，一艘钻井船的日费现已超过 40 万美元，而且只会增加。

此外，随着国家石油公司希望加大勘探和生产力度，沙特阿美等国家石油公司对自升式钻井平台的需求增加，越来越多的自升式钻井平台进入市场。目前，Westwood 预计明年将有 14 个自升式钻井平台从中国和新加坡迁往中东。自升式钻井平台的日费现已从一年前的 60,000 美元至 80,000 美元上涨至 100,000 美元至 150,000 美元/天。

虽然钻井船和自升式钻井平台在此期间在钻井平台市场上出现了创纪录的增长，但半潜式钻井平台的增长却并非如此。Westwood 的 Wilkie 表示，2015 年至 2022 年间，半成品市场经历了“需求严重缺乏”。

自 2018 年以来，已有 122 座钻井平台退役，平均年龄从 2018 年的 34 年下降到 2022 年的仅 16 年。自 2015 年以来，仅交付了 15 艘半潜式钻井平台，而且最近供应、启用或新建的情况没有增加。

美洲

美国钻机市场的情况略有不同。

虽然钻井船在北美和南美也蓬勃发展，但半潜式钻井船也在该地区蓬勃发展。Westwood RigLogix 负责人 Terry Childs 表示，最近授予的大部分合同都在美洲，而且它们的日费率也最高。 

“所有地区所有类型钻机的日费率继续上升，”查尔兹说。“美国海湾仍然引领着钻井船的发展步伐。其他地区正在改善，但仍然落后于美国海湾的情况。”

墨西哥湾钻井船市场利用率为100%，总数为48艘；半潜式钻井船市场利用率为91%，总数为16艘。

墨西哥湾的自升式钻井平台市场一段时间以来一直在下滑，目前只有六艘自升式钻井平台处于合同状态。该地区的自升式钻井平台市场看起来与 2000 年代初有很大不同，当时海湾地区签约了 143 座自升式钻井平台。

钻井平台市场并不是简报会上唯一讨论的问题。Westwood 西半球离岸经理 Mark Adeosun 透露，他们的 EPC 支出将达到 2014 年以来的最高水平。

“预计 2022 年至 2026 年期间，总共有 79 个 FPS 单元将受到批准，其中包括 37 个新建单元、27 个改造单元、15 个单元预计将升级所有部署，”他说。

原文链接/hartenergy

Offshore Rig Market on the Rise

Globally the offshore rig market is going back to pre-pandemic numbers, with the drillship market increasing by 23% and the jackup market increasing by 6%, according to Westwood energy experts.

Jaxon
Caines
Hart Energy

HOUSTON—Despite a pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and an energy crisis in Europe causing the oil and gas market to become all wonky, the rig market is thriving in ways that haven’t been seen in years.

Globally, drillships and jackups are seeing utilization at levels “not seen since the oil price crash in 2014,” said Teresa Wilkie, research director at Westwood, during the group’s offshore breakfast briefing on Oct. 20.

As the industry in 2020 faced financial problems during the pandemic, many companies were forced to cut bait with drillships. In total, Westwood counts 42 drillships retired between 2015 and 2022. During that same seven-year span, over 150 older jackup rigs were also retired. However, this paved the way for 110 new jackups to be delivered within that same period.

So far in 2022, there has been no drillship retirements, signaling a return to form for the rig market. Day rates for a drillship now exceed $400,000 and they’re only set to increase, according to Westwood.

Also, with a higher demand for jackups coming from national oil companies like Saudi Aramco as NOCs look to ramp up E&P efforts, an increased number of jackup rigs are entering the market. Currently, Westwood expects 14 more jackup rigs will move into the Middle East from China and Singapore over the next year. Day rates for jackups have now grown to $100,000 to $150,000/day, up from the $60,000 to $80,000 prices a year ago.

While drillships and jackups are seeing a record growth during this time in the rig market, the same can’t be said for semisubmersible rigs. Between 2015 and 2022, the semi market experienced a “severe lack of demand,” according to Westwood’s Wilkie.

Since 2018, 122 rigs have been retired, with the average age of those decreasing from 34 years in 2018 to just 16 years in 2022. Only 15 semisubmersibles have been delivered since 2015, with no recent increases in supply, activations or newbuilds.

The Americas

The American rig market tells a slightly different story.

While drillships are also thriving in both North and South America, semisubmersibles are booming in the region as well. Most of the recent contract awards have been in the Americas and they have also had the highest day rates, said Terry Childs, head of RigLogix at Westwood. 

“Day rates continue upward movement for all rig types in all regions,” Childs said. “The U.S. Gulf remains setting the pace for drillships… Other regions are improving, but still lagging behind what's happening in the U.S. Gulf.”

The Gulf of Mexico has a 100% market utilization for drillships, of which there are 48 total, and a 91% utilization rate for semisubmersibles, of which there are 16 total.

The jackup market in the Gulf of Mexico has been in decline for some time, as there are only six jackups currently under contract. The jackup rig market in the region looks vastly different than it did in the early 2000s, when there were 143 contracted jackups in the Gulf.

The rig market wasn’t the only thing discussed at the briefing. Mark Adeosun, Western Hemisphere Offshore Manager at Westwood, revealed that they would have their highest expenditure for EPC since 2014.

“We anticipate a total of 79 FPS units to be sanctioned over the 2022 to 2026 period, and that would include 37 newbuild units, 27 conversions, 15 units are expected to upgrade all the deployments,” he said.