数据显示,美国页岩钻井数量并未下降

哈特能源的分析显示,美国水平钻井数量的净变化为7座,比2024年底减少了1%。相反,低于70美元/桶的油价取代了那些瞄准非页岩油气目标的钻井。


尽管热门新闻报道称,2025 年美国本土 48 个州的钻井数量将每周下降,但 Hart Energy 的分析显示,与 2024 年底相比,钻井数量几乎没有变化。

根据摩根大通证券分析师阿伦·贾亚拉姆 (Arun Jayaram) 最新的每周页岩陆地钻机分析,六个月前美国本土 48 个油田的总数为 492 个,而 6 月 26 日则为 485 个。

其中,美国运营商已将大约二十多个以石油为主的钻井平台转移到以天然气为主的区块,数据显示,目前 12 个月的天然气价格为 4 美元,而石油价格低于 70 美元。

贾亚拉姆仅引用了 Enverus 的水平钻井数据,这些钻井平台的目标是美国陆上页岩层。

Hart Energy 对 Enverus 数据的分析也得出了同样的结果:2025 年上半年钻井数量净减少 7 台,即 1%。

其他媒体的新闻报道引用了美国钻井平台总数,其中包括海上钻井平台、垂直钻井平台、定向钻井平台和其他钻井平台。其中,Enverus 统计的美国在役钻井平台总数保持不变,约为 573 座,而 Hart Energy 的分析显示,2024 年底的钻井平台总数为 577 座。

相反,在“特朗普冲击”和“钻吧,宝贝,钻吧”的宣传声中,该数字在第一季度上升至646。4月初,特朗普总统宣布几乎全球范围内征收关税,引发全球经济衰退担忧,欧佩克开始向市场倾销石油,该数字随即暴跌至573。

芝加哥商品交易所集团(CME Group)交易的WTI近月合约价格在第一季度和第二季度之间从70美元以上跌至60美元以下。截至发稿时,价格约为每桶65美元。

赶紧加油

摩根大通最近举办了年度能源会议,有近 1,200 名与会者,并与 145 家石油、天然气、电力、可再生能源和其他能源公司举行了会议。

在这 145 家公司中,有 29 家是勘探与生产公司,22 家是油田服务公司。

帕特森-UTI 能源公司报告称,2024 年底至 6 月底期间,其页岩钻机数量将减少四台,“但美国天然气盆地的需求稳步增长将部分抵消这一影响”,Jayaram 报道说。

1 月 1 日,帕特森的总计数为 94;6 月 26 日的计数为 90。

摩根大通援引 Enverus 的数据称,截至 6 月底,该公司投入运营的钻机中有 19 台正在为 Haynesville 页岩和阿巴拉契亚盆地的作业者钻孔。

帕特森在阿巴拉契亚地区占有 50% 的市场份额,“那里钻井平台的短缺正促使其他盆地的钻井平台撤出,”贾亚拉姆写道。

Nabors IndustriesHelmerich & Payne (HP) 告诉与会者,他们也看到了同样的情况,“尽管他们观察到,天然气活动的增加并没有完全抵消其各自美国本土 48 个钻井作业中石油钻井平台数量的下降,”Jayaram 写道。

Enverus数据显示,惠普在美国本土48个页岩油气钻机总数从年底的139台下降到6月26日的136台。其中,90台在二叠纪盆地钻探;18台在鹰福特页岩区钻探。

与此同时,纳伯斯的数量保持不变,仍为 58 个,其中二叠纪盆地有 27 个,威利斯顿盆地有 13 个。

Precision Drilling公司年底的钻井数量为 28 台,6 月 26 日为 26 台,其中大多数在米德兰盆地作业。

Ensign Energy 的数量从 31 家变为 26 家,而且大部分位于米德兰。

其他页岩钻井平台运营商新增了 6 个,从年底的 143 个增加到 6 月 26 日的 149 个,主要分布在二叠纪、阿纳达科盆地(中大陆)和海恩斯维尔。

按玩法

根据摩根大通的分析,今年上半年,专注于天然气的页岩油钻机数量从 75 座增加到 101 座,而专注于石油和含气油气的钻机数量从 407 座减少到 384 座,减少了 23 座。

在已确定的油田中,特拉华盆地损失最为严重:减少了 18 个钻机,共计 140 个钻机。

威利斯顿盆地损失了 3 只,数量降至 30 只;粉河盆地也损失了 3 只,数量降至 10 只;DJ 盆地损失了 2 只,数量降至 7 只。

不过,根据 Enverus 的数据,米德兰的 97 个钻机数量没有变化。

与此同时,上半年钻机数量增加的是海恩斯维尔(Haynesville),增加了 10 台,达到 41 台;鹰福特(Eagle Ford),增加了 3 台,达到 51 台;中大陆(Midcontinent),增加了 6 台,达到 46 台。

除米德兰外,从年底到 2025 年 6 月底没有出现净变化的还有阿巴拉契亚(33)和“其他”类别的未确定油田(30)。

大联盟裁员

Enverus 的数据显示,截至 6 月底,在美国本土 48 个州的 485 个钻井平台中,私营勘探与生产公司有 211 个钻井成功,高于去年年底的 189 个。

与此同时,上市勘探与生产公司上半年削减了 20 个钻井平台,从年底的 214 个减少到 194 个。

大型勘探与生产公司的钻井数量也从 92 座减少至 80 座。

其中,埃克森美孚新增 3 家,总数达到 37 家。

与此同时,康菲石油公司削减了 11 个席位,降至 23 个,雪佛龙公司削减了 4 个席位,降至 11 个。

英国石油公司(BP Plc)旗下位于美国本土48个油田的BPX能源公司,在第一季度增加了3个钻井平台,总数达到11个。但随着WTI原油价格跌至每桶54美元的低点,BPX能源公司在第二季度迅速减少了3个钻井平台。BPX能源公司在海恩斯维尔、鹰福特和二叠纪盆地开展业务。

私人勘探与生产公司增加

私营勘探与生产公司在六个月内新增了 22 座净钻井平台,年初为 189 座,而截至 6 月底为 211 座。

其中,Mewbourne OilContinental Resources六月底共有 38 个钻井平台投入使用,低于去年年底的 48 个,且均专注于石油开采。

两家运营商均为家族企业:Mewbourne Oil 由已故的 Curtis Mewbourne 家族所有,而 Continental 由其创始人 Harold Hamm 及其家族所有。

Mewbourne 减少了 4 台钻机,降至 21 台,而 Continental 减少了 6 台,降至 17 台。

与此同时,EnCap Investments支持的Paloma Resources上半年钻井数量从零增加到五台。

根据 Enverus 的数据,这五个都是在六月份添加的。

今年 2 月,Paloma 将其最新的 E&P 公司 Paloma Partners VI(业务重点完全在 Haynesville)出售给了对冲基金Citadel LLC

其目前的 E&P 公司 Paloma Partners VII 成立于 2024 年,目标是特拉华盆地的油田。

总体而言,私人勘探与生产公司钻机数量净增加 22 台(从 189 台增加到 211 台),而 2024 年底的数量几乎全部来自摩根大通从 30 家个人运营商中筛选出来的“其他”勘探与生产公司。

其他 E&P 公司的数量增加了 21 个,从 77 个增加到 98 个。

公共勘探与生产部门削减

截至 6 月底,非大型公共 E&P 公司共有 194 个钻井平台,其中西方石油公司 (Occidental Petroleum) 的钻井平台较年底减少了 2 个,降至 23 个;EOG 资源公司 (EOG Resources)减少了 1 个,降至 23 个;戴文能源公司 (Devon Energy)减少了 3 个,降至 19 个;Diamondback 能源公司减少了 6 个,降至 18 个。

截至六月底,这四人是该类别中排名前列的钻井平台运营商。

与此同时,接下来的三家公司——Coterra Energy(13)、Permian Resources(12)和Expand Energy(9)——的排名保持不变。

进入前十的还有康斯托克资源公司 (Comstock Resources) ,新增 2 座钻机,总数增至 7 座;奇维塔斯资源公司 (Civitas Resources)新增 3 座钻机,总数增至 7 座;APA 公司旗下阿帕奇能源公司 (Apache Energy) 减少 1 座钻机,总数降至 7 座。

运营商每 6 个月更改一次
私营勘探与生产公司新增钻井平台数量,而大型勘探与生产公司及其他上市勘探与生产公司的数量则出现净减少。(来源:摩根大通证券,援引 Enverus 数据)
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The US Shale Rig Count is Not Falling, Data Show

The net change in the U.S. horizontal rig count is seven rigs—1% —fewer than at year-end 2024, a Hart Energy analysis shows. Instead, the sub-$70 oil price has displaced rigs targeting non-shale targets.


While popular news reports are of weekly 2025 declines in the U.S. Lower 48 rig count, a Hart Energy analysis shows virtually no change from year-end 2024.

The total Lower 48 count was 492 six months ago; on June 26, it was 485, according to J.P. Morgan Securities analyst Arun Jayaram’s newest weekly shale land-rig analysis.

Among them, U.S. operators have transferred roughly two dozen oil-focused rigs to gas-focused acreage, while the 12-month gas strip is $4 and oil is sub-$70, the data show.

Jayaram cited Enverus data for horizontal drilling only, which would be rigs targeting onshore U.S. shale formations.

A Hart Energy analysis of Enverus data produced the same results: A net change of seven fewer rigs—or 1%—in the first half of 2025.

Other media news reports are citing the total U.S. rig count, which includes offshore, vertical, directional and other rigs. Among these, Enverus’ count of all U.S. rigs at work is unchanged at about 573 compared to year-end 2024’s 577 rigs, a Hart Energy analysis shows.

Instead, that count rose in the first quarter to 646 in a “Trump bump” and “drill, baby, drill” messaging. It immediately plummeted to 573 when President Trump announced in early April nearly worldwide tariffs, resulting in global recession fears, and OPEC began dumping oil into the market.

The prompt-month contract for WTI fell between the first and second quarters from more than $70 to less than $60 in trading on CME Group. At press time, it was roughly $65/bbl.

Rush to gas

J.P. Morgan recently held its annual energy conference with nearly 1,200 attendees and meetings with 145 oil, gas, power, renewables and other energy companies.

Among the 145, 29 were E&Ps and 22 were oilfield service firms.

Patterson-UTI Energy reported that its four-rig decline in shale rigs at work between year-end 2024 and the end of June “were partially offset by steady demand increases observed in U.S. natural gas basins,” Jayaram reported.

Patterson’s overall count was 94 on Jan. 1; the count June 26 was 90.

Among its rigs at work at the end of June, 19 were making hole for operators in the Haynesville Shale and Appalachian Basin, according to J.P. Morgan, citing Enverus data.

Patterson has a 50% market share in Appalachia, “where a shortage of drilling rigs is prompting a pull of rigs from other basins,” Jayaram wrote.

Nabors Industries and Helmerich & Payne (HP) told conference attendees they’re seeing the same, “although they observed that rising gas activity did not fully counterbalance the drop in oil rigs for their respective Lower 48 drilling operations,” Jayaram wrote.

HP’s total Lower 48 shale rig count fell from 139 at year-end to 136 on June 26, according to the Enverus data. Among these, 90 were drilling in the Permian Basin; 18, in the Eagle Ford Shale.

Meanwhile, Nabors’ count was unchanged at 58, including 27 in the Permian and 13 in the Williston Basin.

Precision Drilling’s count was 28 at year-end and 26 on June 26 with most of them at work in the Midland Basin.

Ensign Energy’s count changed from 31 to 26, also mostly in the Midland.

Other shale-rig operators put six more to work, from 143 at year-end to 149 June 26, primarily in the Permian, Anadarko Basin (Midcontinent) and Haynesville.

By play

The gas-focused shale rig count grew from 75 to 101 during the first half of the year, while the count in oil plays and gassy oil plays fell 23 from 407 to 384 rigs, according to J.P. Morgan’s analysis.

Among the identified plays, the Delaware Basin lost the most: 18 down to 140 rigs.

The Williston lost three, down to 30; the Powder River Basin, also three, down to 10; and the D-J Basin, two, down to seven.

The Midland’s 97-rig count was unchanged, though, according to the Enverus data.

Meanwhile, gaining rigs in the first half were the Haynesville, up 10 to 41; Eagle Ford, up three to 51; and the Midcontinent, up six to 46.

In addition to the Midland, showing no net change from year-end to the end of June 2025 are Appalachia (33) and the “other” category of unidentified plays (30).

Majors cut

Of the 485 rigs drilling the Lower 48 at June-end, private E&Ps had 211 of them making hole, up from 189 at year-end, according to the Enverus data.

Meanwhile, publicly held E&Ps cut 20 rigs loose in the first half, down to 194 from 214 at year-end.

Major E&Ps also dropped rigs, cutting from 92 to 80.

Among them, Exxon Mobil added three, though, totaling 37.

Meanwhile, ConocoPhillips cut 11, down to 23, and Chevron Corp. cut four, down to 11.

BP Plc’s Lower 48 unit BPX Energy had added three rigs in the first quarter to total 11 but quickly dropped the three in the second quarter after WTI fell to as low as $54/bbl. BPX operates in the Haynesville, Eagle Ford and Permian.

Private E&Ps add

Private E&Ps picked up 22 net rigs during the six-month period, starting the year at 189 and ending June at 211.

Among them, Mewbourne Oil and Continental Resources had a combined 38 rigs at work at June-end, down from 48 at year-end, and all focused on oil plays.

Both operators are family-held: Mewbourne Oil is owned by the late Curtis Mewbourne’s family and Continental is owned by its founder Harold Hamm and his family.

Mewbourne dropped four rigs, down to 21, while Continental dropped six, down to 17.

Meanwhile, EnCap Investments-backed Paloma Resources went from zero rigs to five in the first half.

All five were added in June, according to the Enverus data.

Paloma sold its most recent E&P, Paloma Partners VI, which was focused entirely in the Haynesville, in February to hedge fund Citadel LLC.

Its current E&P, Paloma Partners VII, was formed in 2024 and was targeting acreage in the Delaware Basin.

Overall, nearly all of the 22-rig net increase among private E&Ps—from 189 to 211—versus the year-end 2024 count was derived from “other” E&Ps after a J.P. Morgan short-listing of 30 individual operators.

The other E&Ps’ count grew by 21 from 77 to 98.

Public E&Ps cut

Among non-major public E&Ps’ 194-rig count at June-end, Occidental Petroleum dropped two rigs from year-end, down to 23; EOG Resources dropped one, down to 23; Devon Energy dropped three, down to 19; and Diamondback Energy dropped six, down to 18.

The foursome represented the top rig operators in the category at June-end.

Meanwhile, counts among the next three—Coterra Energy (13), Permian Resources (12) and Expand Energy (9)—were unchanged.

Rounding out the top 10, Comstock Resources added two rigs to total seven; Civitas Resources added three to total seven; and APA Corp.’s Apache Energy dropped one, down to seven.

6 month change by operator
Private E&Ps added rigs, while majors and other public E&Ps’ counts resulted in a net reduction. (Source: J.P. Morgan Securities, citing Enverus data)
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